情態助動詞
Would/ Could/ Should
的用法
什麼是情態助動詞呢?
would、should 和 could 是很多英文學習者常常混淆的三個常用情態助動詞。它們除了是will、shall和can的過去是之外，還有什麼特別的用法嗎? 你是否也對何時以及如何使用它們感到困惑？別擔心，今天本文將教你如何正確使用它們！
情態助動詞
Would
1.用would問問題(較有禮貌、客氣、委婉)。
- Would you like some cookies? = Do you want some cookies? 你想要一些餅乾嗎？
W問句(who, what, when, where, why, how)：
- How would they do that difficult task? 他們將如何完成這項艱鉅的任務？
- What time would you have dinner? 你幾點要吃晚飯？
2. 用would 來禮貌的提出要求。
- I would like more cookies, please. = I want more cookies, please. 我想要更多的餅乾，拜託。
3. 用 would來假設過去不同的反應。
- I would have assisted you if I had known you were there. 如果我知道你在那裡，我會幫助你的。
- Ron would’ve missed the train if Jessa hadn’t reminded him of the train schedule. 要不是Jessa提醒他火車時刻表，Ron早就錯過火車了。
4. 用would來假設某情況的結果。(假設語氣if)
- If I win the lottery, I would buy myself a Lamborghini truck.如果我中了彩票，我會給自己買一輛藍寶堅尼跑車。
5. 我們用它來淡化強烈的、有爭議的陳述——不推薦在正式論文中使用。
- Tony would have justified his opinion in the meeting, but sadly, he failed to. Tony本可以在會議上證明他的意見是正確的，但遺憾的是，他沒有這樣做。
- I would have to say that your plan seems too ambitious. 我不得不說你的計劃似乎過於雄心勃勃。
*這裡的would與 do 作用相似，用於強調，但do沒有淡化強調的功能。
6.用would表示過去習慣性的動作。
- Amy would cry whenever Tom would leave home. 每當湯姆離開家時，艾米都會哭。
7. 用would表示在兩個選擇中表達偏好，與rather 或soon 一起使用。
- I would sooner die than face them. 我寧願死也不願面對他們。
- She would rather sing than dance. 她寧願唱歌也不願跳舞。
8.用would來表示選擇。
- She would put off the test if she could. 如果可以(選擇)，她會推遲考試。
9.用would來表示希望或期許。
- Some people would permit to legalize the use of marijuana. 有些人想讓大麻的使用合法化。
- They wish he would leave 他們希望他離開。
10. would用於表示意圖或計劃。
- He said he would arrive early. 他說他打算早點到。
11.用would表示懷疑。
- His answer would seem to be correct. 他的回答似乎是正確的。
12. 用would表示未來的可能性。
- She estimated she would get to the house around 7 p.m. 她估計她(可能)會在晚上 7 點左右到家。
情態助動詞
Should
1. 用should表示責任義務。
- Should you have fixed the broken door? = Were you supposed to have fixed the broken door? 你應該把壞掉的門修好吧？
- Should we turn in our homework now? = Are we supposed to turn in our homework now? 我們現在應該交作業嗎？
*這裡should 和 ought 意思差不多。
2. 用should 表示建議。
- You should eat fruits and vegetables every day.你應該每天吃水果和蔬菜。
- Everyone should avoid eating too much junk food.每個人都應該避免吃太多垃圾食品。
3. 用should表示未來可能發生的事件。(假設語氣if)
- If I should save enough next week, I will buy myself a new pair of shoes. 如果我下周存夠錢，我就給自己買一雙新鞋。
*should可以從上面的句子中省略 : “If I save enough next week, I will buy myself a new pair of shoes.”或者，如果可以省略If：“Should I save enough next week, I will buy myself a new pair of shoes.”
4. 用should來表達可能性。
- Annie should be here by 10 AM so that we can start the meeting early. Annie應該可以在上午 10 點前到場，以便我們可以早點開始會議。
5. 用should禮貌委婉地請求或陳述。
- I should like to eat early dinner now. 我現在想早點吃晚飯。
- I should think that reforestation is necessary for mother earth to recover from global warming. 我認為重新造林對於減緩全球變暖是必要的。
情態助動詞
Could
1. can的過去式：
In the past, all the people could breathe fresh air even in big cities. 過去，即使在大城市，所有人都可以呼吸到新鮮空氣。
2. 用 could 來提問(禮貌委婉)。
- Could you have fixed the broken door? 你能修好那扇壞掉的門嗎？
- Could I go now? 我現在可以走了嗎？
- Could you hand me the pen, please? 請把筆遞給我好嗎？
3.用could表示能力。
- I could study harder than I do. 我可以更努力地學習。
4. 表示猜測：
- She could be wrong. 她可能是錯的。
情態助動詞小結
Would Should Could
情態助動詞是置於主要動詞（原型）之前、一種用來表達語氣的助動詞，通常會拿來表示禮貌委婉。雖然我們上面提及了許多其他用法，但還是有比較常用的用法，如下：
Would：主要用於假設、要求
Should：主要用於責任、建議
Could：主要用於表示能力、可能性
對於情態助動詞—Would, Should, and Could更了解了嗎?
想了解其他動詞相關知識？
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