在英文文法中，如果缺少一些重要單字，句子是沒有意義的。完整而有意義的句子由適當的單字組成，如作為主詞的名詞或代詞、描述主詞或動作的形容詞或副詞、動作的動詞、連接詞或短語的連詞，以及使句子有意義的介系詞。
所有的詞類都是句子的重要組成，尤其是介系詞。英文介系詞能讓句子表達的更明確。在學習英文時，有時會混淆哪些介系詞適合用在句子中，因為它們功能相似。
你一定知道英文常用的介系詞，如“on、in、under、at、of和to”。然而，還有其他英文介系詞也用在句子中，我們無法確定它們的功能。
在本文中，我們將介紹常見的英文介系詞類型，並提供介系詞在句子中的用法與見解。
這是一個你可以立即回答的問題。作為一名學生，肯定會對在英文句子中正確使用介系詞感到困惑。我們使用介系詞來顯示詞類之間的關係，並表達詞語在時間、空間、方式、地點等方面。
學生需要了解英文介系詞，才能更清楚地認識到詞類的靈活性，並理解介系詞在句子中是如何運作的，以創造出有意義的句子。
並非所有類型的英文句子都需要介系詞，有些句子結構需要它們來產生含義。我們在句子中使用介系詞來表示特定的地點、時間、方式和其他情況。
一般來說，英文介系詞有四種類型，即時間介系詞、方式介系詞、方向介系詞和地點介系詞，每種類別都有不同的功能。
時間介系詞用來表示某事發生的特定時間。可以是日期、一個季節、一個月或特定時刻。常用的時間介系詞有 at、in、on 三種。
介系詞「at」用於表示特定時間。
◙ 特定時間
I usually get up at 4:00 A.M.
Our huddle time is at 8:00 every morning.
◙ 吃飯時間
My friends and I are meeting up at lunchtime.
At dinner time, my friend will propose to his girlfriend.
◙ 一天中的時間/事件
My sister often has bad dreams at night.
We will visit Paris at Christmas time.
Her dad plays golf at the weekend.
通常是英式英文會用“At the weekend”
介系詞「in」用來表示一天中的部分時間或更長的時間。我們用「in」來表示月份、年份、季節或假期。
◙ 月份、年份、季節
The president’s daughter is getting married in December.
In winter, Tokyo is usually cold.
Mr. Johnson will study English in Cebu in July 2024.
The Tokyo Olympics was held in 2021.
◙ 一天中某段時間/其他時間段
Ms. Wilson is planning to come here in the evening.
In the past, people didn’t have smartphones.
Today’s fashion is the same as it was in the 90s.
介詞「on」用來表示具體時間，我們通常會使用在特定日期或一週中的日子。
◙ 一週中的日子
My flight leaves at 3:00 P.M. on Tuesday.
The arraignment will take place at the City Hall on Friday morning.
On Monday, the new manager will be introduced.
◙ 日期
She was born on March 15, 1993.
Did you hear that on February 12th, there was a huge bombing in the city center?
The pageant candidates will gather for a photo shoot on June 15.
當介系詞描述事情如何發生或如何完成時，這就是表示方式的介系詞。這些介系詞用來回答以「如何」開始的問題。以下是一些英文中的例子：
◙ in
I write my articles in English. (How do I write my articles?)
The governor spoke to the public in a calm manner. (How did the governor speak in public?)
My friend talked to me in tears. (How did my friend talk to me?)
The manager approached the employee in a friendly tone. (How did the manager approach the employee?)
◙ with
We eat with a spoon and a fork. (How do we eat?)
The delivery man handled my package with care. (How did the delivery man handle my package?)
The young woman responded to her boss with the utmost respect. (How did the young woman respond to her boss?)
With so much love, the lady accepted her boyfriend’s proposal. (How did the lady accept her boyfriend’s proposal?)
◙ by
Our colleagues go to work by bus. (How do our colleagues go to work?)
Dr. Jose Rizal of the Philippines was killed by gunshots. (How was Dr. Jose Rizal killed?)
She said that we needed to get to the station by hook or by crook. (How do we need to get to the station?)
◙ on
She doesn’t like going to work on foot.
I write my articles on my computer.
◙ for
The ceremony lasted for two hours.
We have not seen each other for quite some time now.
The employee was advised to rest for three days.
請注意，有些英文介系詞被用作描述某事如何完成或某事如何發生。
這種類型的介系詞用於表示某人、物的移動，通常是從一個地方到另一個地方。
例如:
I saw the thief put what he stole into his pocket.
It’s tiring to walk around the city on foot.
How long is the flight from London to New York?
It takes me thirteen hours to travel by motorbike across Cebu Island.
She took her handkerchief out of her pocket and offered it to me.
Are you not scared to pass through this tunnel?
I didn’t notice I was driving toward the north of this island.
當講到引起移動或由移動而引起的事物時，我們通常會使用這些介系詞。
地點介系詞表示某事物的位置。
◙ on – 當某物接觸另一物時使用
The woman placed her bag on her desk after logging in.
Teacher Jee showed the pen on the book to her students.
She knew she’d be on the top for doing a great job.
◙ over / above – 當某物沒有直接接觸另一物。
Planes usually fly over the mountains of Sierra Madre.
Can you hold your hands over your head for more than an hour?
The dog jumped over the fence and ran quickly.
The clock is above the table.
Get some mattresses from above the cupboard.
◙ in – 用於談論某事物的內部，也會在特定的地方或位置使用。
The flowers in the basket smelled so good.
I heard some noise in my stomach.
In the Philippines, the people are hospitable and friendly.
There are more people in Europe than in Asia.
I love playing with my childhood friends in my hometown.
◙ under / below – 一個東西低於另一個東西。
The workers usually leave their belongings under their desks.
I found my socks under my bed; they’re dirty.
The dead are buried six feet below the ground.
Make sure to wear skirts that are at least 2 inches below the knee.
◙ between – 用來描述兩個東西之間的位置。
You can see the computer between the shelf and the desk.
Between you and me, I am more brilliant.
Could you please tell her to call me between 7 and 9 in the evening?
◙ behind/in front of – 一個東西在另一個東西的後面或前面。
Our company is behind the cathedral.
Look behind, I am just here.
I am sitting in front of my computer.
Please bring your meal in front of the store.
My mom bought a new pair of glasses across the street.
The saleslady is standing near the fitting room.
Why don’t you sit by the table?
I did not expect you to sit beside me.
I want to eat my dinner at home.
除了本文提到的英文介系詞之外，句子中也常用介系詞「of」和「to」。介詞「of」用來引導由名詞+名詞組成的片語。
例句:
I like the sound of music in my ears.
There are many kinds of fish in the ocean.
介系詞「to」用於表示目的、動作、目的地和接受者。
例句:
目的: I look forward to seeing you soon.
目的地: She is traveling to New York.
接受者: Could you please give this key to Johan?
英文介系詞如「on、in、at、on 和 by」可以多次使用，取決於上下文，有一些句子可以使用多個介系詞。
通過觀察句子，能夠識別出英文介系詞的類別以及用途。
She glanced through the window of her room.
I saw what had happened with my own two eyes.
Focus your eyes on the road.
He offered his services to them.
I don’t want to put the blame on you.
She saw the best in me.
Tell me something interesting about yourself. – Single-word
On top of all your achievements, having a successful career is the best. – complex; a group of words
I am here to introduce a new product. – to-infinitive (to + main verb)
I have always been looking forward to meeting your parents. – preposition (to + gerund)
The event was for walk of the devotees.
She was in speak of her opinion.
了解英文介系詞的規則可以幫助學習語言。無論對介系詞了解有多少，熟悉規則並正確使用很重要。
介系詞無所不在，能使句子更容易理解，並形成有意義的句子。不僅能提高口說能力，也能提高寫作能力。
一起來檢視你對本文中介紹的英文介系詞的理解程度。
__________ 1. Are you going to see me at 7:00 PM tonight?
__________ 2. They knew that their sister was going home in December.
__________ 3. Ms. Millers forgot that she had put her keys in her bag this morning.
__________ 4. I saw a woman wearing red sneakers at the café yesterday.
__________ 5. On March 18th, my parents are going to celebrate their wedding anniversary.
__________ 6. Did you inform her of her tasks as the new staff?
__________ 7. I usually go home to my hometown by plane as it is more convenient.
__________ 8. The caretaker transferred the plants to the garden with a wheelbarrow.
__________ 9. Nowadays, it is easier to travel from Japan to Korea.
__________ 10. Never look behind you when you watch a horror movie.
__________ 11. I found an interesting book on the shelf.
__________ 12. In the old days, people wrote letters to their loved ones.
__________ 13. She waited for the train for a long time.
__________ 14. The CEO is seated between the President and the Vice President.
__________ 15. Mary put the Koi fish into the fish bowl.
你很棒！答案在這裡
繼續學習英文介系詞以提高你的語言能力。