{"id":175629,"date":"2024-06-10T15:42:55","date_gmt":"2024-06-10T07:42:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/qqeng.net\/Learning\/perfect-tenses-in-english\/"},"modified":"2024-10-29T15:25:55","modified_gmt":"2024-10-29T07:25:55","slug":"perfect-tenses-in-english","status":"publish","type":"learning","link":"https:\/\/qqeng.net\/ru\/Learning\/perfect-tenses-in-english\/","title":{"rendered":"Perfect tenses: \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"175629\" class=\"elementor elementor-175629 elementor-165162\" data-elementor-post-type=\"learning\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341243e8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"341243e8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-703bfdf elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"703bfdf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"352\" src=\"https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Hearder-3-3-Perfect-Tenses-in-English-with-Meanings-Uses-and-Examples-1024x352.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-175720\" alt=\"Perfect Tenses\" srcset=\"https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Hearder-3-3-Perfect-Tenses-in-English-with-Meanings-Uses-and-Examples-1024x352.webp 1024w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Hearder-3-3-Perfect-Tenses-in-English-with-Meanings-Uses-and-Examples-300x103.webp 300w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Hearder-3-3-Perfect-Tenses-in-English-with-Meanings-Uses-and-Examples-768x264.webp 768w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Hearder-3-3-Perfect-Tenses-in-English-with-Meanings-Uses-and-Examples-1536x528.webp 1536w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Hearder-3-3-Perfect-Tenses-in-English-with-Meanings-Uses-and-Examples.webp 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f899ff1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f899ff1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Perfect tenses: \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-582e604 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"582e604\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;,&quot;h4&quot;,&quot;h5&quot;,&quot;h6&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;numbers&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;\\u041d\\u0430 \\u0441\\u0442\\u0440\\u0430\\u043d\\u0438\\u0446\\u0435 \\u043d\\u0435 \\u043d\\u0430\\u0439\\u0434\\u0435\\u043d\\u044b \\u0437\\u0430\\u0433\\u043e\\u043b\\u043e\\u0432\\u043a\\u0438.&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__582e604\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__582e604\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__582e604\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41cbf6ad elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"41cbf6ad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 Perfect Tenses?<\/h2><p><span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u0412<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u043e\u0442<\/span>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/qqeng.net\/ru\/Learning\/uses-of-the-simple-present-tense-in-english\/\">\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d<\/a>, \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u0432<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f<\/span>,\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u0443\u0436\u0435<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u043a<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443<\/span>\u00a0\u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e \u043d\u0438\u0445. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur2 highlight\">\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur2 highlight\">\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur2 highlight\">\u0432<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur2 highlight\">\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043c<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 ur2 highlight\">\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 highlight\">\u0438<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 ur2 ur3 highlight\">\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 ur2 ur3 highlight\">\u0432<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 ur2 ur3 highlight\">\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c<\/span>.<\/p><p>\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 ur2 highlight\">\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 ur2 ur3 highlight\">\u0432<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 ur2 ur3 highlight\">\u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 ur2 ur3 highlight\">\u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435<\/span> \u2013\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur2 ur3 highlight\">\u044d\u0442\u043e<\/span> Present Perfect, Past Perfect\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur1 highlight\">\u0438<\/span> Future perfect. \u041e\u043d\u0438 <span class=\"word pl ur1 ur3 highlight\">\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur3 highlight\">\u043f\u043e<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur2 ur3 highlight\">\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439<\/span>\u00a0\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435: <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><strong>&#171;<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 ur2 ur3 highlight\">has<\/span>\/<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 ur2 ur3 highlight\">have<\/span>\/<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 ur2 ur3 highlight\">had<\/span>\/<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur2 highlight\">will<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 ur2 ur3 highlight\">have<\/span>\u00a0+\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 highlight\">\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 highlight\">\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438<\/span>&#171;.\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span class=\"word pl ur1 highlight\">\u041c\u044b<\/span>\u00a0\u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043a \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443,\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0443<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u0438\u043b\u0438<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 highlight\">\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 highlight\">\u0432<\/span>\u00a0\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u043e\u0442<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 highlight\">\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438<\/span>\u00a0\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f<\/span>.<\/p><p><span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 highlight\">\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 highlight\">\u0432<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 highlight\">\u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430<\/span>\u00a0\u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435\u043c<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 highlight\">\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 highlight\">\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 highlight\">\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430<\/span>.\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 highlight\">\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 highlight\">\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438<\/span> \u2013 \u044d\u0442\u043e <a href=\"https:\/\/qqeng.net\/ru\/Learning\/verbs-learning-basic-english-grammar-what-is-a-verb\/\">\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430<\/a>, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 <strong>&#171;-d, &#8212;<span class=\"word pl ur1 highlight\">ed<\/span>&#171;<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur1 highlight\">\u0434\u043b\u044f<\/span>\u00a0\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur1 highlight\">\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur1 highlight\">\u0438<\/span>\u00a0<strong>&#171;-en&#187;<\/strong>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 highlight\">\u0434\u043b\u044f<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 ur1 highlight\">\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432<\/span>. \u041e\u043d\u0438\u00a0\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u0432<\/span>\u00a0<span class=\"word pl ur0 highlight\">\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438<\/span>.<\/p><p>\u0412 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, &#171;\u042f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0443&#187; \u2013 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0434\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438. \u0412 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f Present Perfect (\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f). \u041e\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435-\u0442\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442.<\/p><p>\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440:<\/p><ul><li>&#171;I have read that book.&#187; (\u042f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b \u044d\u0442\u0443 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0443.) &#8212; \u0412 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0439\u0447\u0430\u0441.<\/li><\/ul><p>\u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0432 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0438\u043c. \u0423\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043e <a href=\"https:\/\/qqeng.net\/ru\/Learning\/overview-of-the-tenses-in-english\/\">\u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 12 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u0432 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0432\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c<\/a>.<\/p><p>\u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-694e5e8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"694e5e8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e1b2e21 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e1b2e21\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b41513 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6b41513\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"573\" src=\"https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/2-5-1024x573.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-175719\" alt=\"\u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 Perfect Tenses\" srcset=\"https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/2-5-1024x573.webp 1024w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/2-5-300x168.webp 300w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/2-5-768x430.webp 768w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/2-5.webp 1100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8666661 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8666661\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33ed3e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"33ed3e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"573\" src=\"https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/1-4-1024x573.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-175718\" alt=\"\u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 Perfect Tenses\" srcset=\"https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/1-4-1024x573.webp 1024w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/1-4-300x168.webp 300w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/1-4-768x430.webp 768w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/1-4.webp 1100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59f8f6e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"59f8f6e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e22b707 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e22b707\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Present Perfect (\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f)<\/h2><p>Present Perfect \u2013 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u0438\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430. \u041e\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0435. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f &#171;have&#187; (\u0438\u043b\u0438 &#171;has&#187; \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430) \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430. \u0412 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438, Present Perfect \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f, \u0430 \u0430\u043a\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c. \u041e\u043d\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430, \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439.<\/p><h3>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f Present Perfect?<\/h3><h4><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #ff6600;\">\u0412 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445<\/span><\/strong><\/h4><ol><li><p><strong>\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0441 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c &#171;have&#187; (\u0434\u043b\u044f I, you, we, they):<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>&#171;I have + \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 (Past Participle).&#187;<\/li><li>\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: &#171;I have seen that movie.&#187; (\u042f \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043b \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c.)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0441 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c &#171;has&#187; (\u0434\u043b\u044f he, she, it):<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>&#171;He\/she\/it has + \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438.&#187;<\/li><li>\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: &#171;She has finished her work.&#187; (\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443.)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ol><p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.scribbr.com\/verbs\/past-participles\/#:~:text=It%20is%20one%20of%20two,%E2%80%9D%20becomes%20%E2%80%9Cknelt%E2%80%9D).\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Past Participle<\/a>) \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c &#171;-ed&#187; \u043a \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, worked, visited). \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0443.<\/p><p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c Present Perfect:<\/p><ul><li>&#171;We have studied English for many years.&#187; (\u041c\u044b \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0442.)<\/li><li>&#171;He has traveled to many countries.&#187; (\u041e\u043d \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b.)<\/li><li>&#171;She has written three books.&#187; (\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438.)<\/li><\/ul><p>\u0423\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u043c.<\/p><h4><span style=\"color: #ff6600; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>\u0412 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445<\/strong><\/span><\/h4><ol><li><p><strong>\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0441 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c &#171;have&#187; (\u0434\u043b\u044f I, you, we, they):<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>&#171;I\/you\/we\/they have not (haven&#8217;t) + \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 (Past Participle).&#187;<\/li><li>\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: &#171;I haven&#8217;t seen that movie.&#187; (\u042f \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043b \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c.)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0441 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c &#171;has&#187; (\u0434\u043b\u044f he, she, it):<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>&#171;He\/she\/it has not (hasn&#8217;t) + \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438.&#187;<\/li><li>\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: &#171;She hasn&#8217;t finished her work.&#187; (\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443.)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ol><p>\u0412 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 &#171;not&#187; \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 &#171;have&#187; \u0438\u043b\u0438 &#171;has&#187;, \u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430. &#171;Haven&#8217;t&#187; \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0439 &#171;have not&#187;, \u0430 &#171;hasn&#8217;t&#187; &#8212; \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0439 &#171;has not&#187;.<\/p><p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c Present Perfect:<\/p><ul><li>&#171;We haven&#8217;t studied English for many years.&#187; (\u041c\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0442.)<\/li><li>&#171;He hasn&#8217;t traveled to many countries.&#187; (\u041e\u043d \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b.)<\/li><li>&#171;She hasn&#8217;t written three books.&#187; (\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438.)<\/li><\/ul><p>\u041e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043a \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438.<\/p><h4><span style=\"color: #ff6600; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>\u0412 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430\u0445<\/strong><\/span><\/h4><ol><li><p><strong>\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0441 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c &#171;have&#187; (\u0434\u043b\u044f I, you, we, they):<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>&#171;Have + I\/you\/we\/they + \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 (Past Participle) + &#8230;?&#187;<\/li><li>\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: &#171;Have you seen that movie?&#187; (\u0422\u044b \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043b \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043c?)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0441 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c &#171;has&#187; (\u0434\u043b\u044f he, she, it):<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>&#171;Has + he\/she\/it + \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 + &#8230;?&#187;<\/li><li>\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: &#171;Has she finished her work?&#187; (\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443?)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ol><p>\u0412 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e &#171;have&#187; \u0438\u043b\u0438 &#171;has&#187; \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0435\u0435 (I, you, we, they \u0438\u043b\u0438 he, she, it), \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f &#171;?&#187;<\/p><p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c Present Perfect:<\/p><ul><li>&#171;Have you studied English for many years?&#187; (\u0422\u044b \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0430\u043b \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0442?)<\/li><li>&#171;Has he traveled to many countries?&#187; (\u041e\u043d \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b?)<\/li><li>&#171;Have they written three books?&#187; (\u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438?)<\/li><\/ul><p>\u0412\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 Present Perfect \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-90bb154 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"90bb154\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"573\" src=\"https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFEC-1024x573.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-175713\" alt=\"\u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 Present Perfect\" srcset=\"https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFEC-1024x573.webp 1024w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFEC-300x168.webp 300w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFEC-768x430.webp 768w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFEC.webp 1100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37fccf8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"37fccf8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f?<\/h3><p>Present Perfect \u0432 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044f\u0445:<\/p><ol><li><p><strong>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043c:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>&#171;I have lived in this city for five years.&#187; (\u042f \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0443 \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0435\u0442.) &#8212; \u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 (\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435) \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f\u0448\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043d\u044f.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>&#171;She has visited Europe several times.&#187; (\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435.) &#8212; \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0435\u0437\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0432 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443, \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0435\u0437\u0434\u043e\u043a.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>&#171;He has just finished his homework.&#187; (\u041e\u043d \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u044e\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443.) &#8212; \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 (\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b) \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043c:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>&#171;They have won the championship.&#187; (\u041e\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442.) &#8212; \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u044b \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0434\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>&#171;She has worked here since 2010.&#187; (\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0441 2010 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430.) &#8212; \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 (\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c) \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f\u0448\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043d\u044f.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ol><p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0430\u043a\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f, \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u044b\u043c \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0438\u043c, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439.<\/p><h3>\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430-\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0435\u0440\u044b<\/h3><p>\u0412 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430-\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 Present Perfect \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u044b\u043c \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0438\u043c. \u0412\u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432-\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f Present Perfect:<\/p><ol><li><p><strong>Ever<\/strong> &#8212; \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430-\u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e:<\/p><ul><li>Have you ever been to Paris? (\u0412\u044b \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430-\u043d\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0436\u0435?)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>Never<\/strong> &#8212; \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430:<\/p><ul><li>She has never visited Asia. (\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0449\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0410\u0437\u0438\u044e.)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>Already<\/strong> &#8212; \u0443\u0436\u0435:<\/p><ul><li>Have you already finished your homework? (\u0422\u044b \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u044e\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443?)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>Yet<\/strong> &#8212; \u0435\u0449\u0451, \u0443\u0436\u0435 (\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445):<\/p><ul><li>Have you finished your lunch yet? (\u0422\u044b \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434?)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>Just<\/strong> &#8212; \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0447\u0442\u043e:<\/p><ul><li>We have just arrived home. (\u041c\u044b \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0439.)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>Since<\/strong> &#8212; \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0440 (\u0434\u043e \u0441\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0440):<\/p><ul><li>She has worked here since 2010. (\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0441 2010 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430.)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>For<\/strong> &#8212; \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 (\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438):<\/p><ul><li>They have been married for 20 years. (\u041e\u043d\u0438 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0443\u0436\u0435 20 \u043b\u0435\u0442.)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>Recently<\/strong> &#8212; \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e:<\/p><ul><li>Have you seen Tom recently? (\u0422\u044b \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043b \u0422\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e?)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e6e26eb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e6e26eb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Past Perfect (\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f)<\/h2><div class=\"flex-shrink-0 flex flex-col relative items-end\"><div><div class=\"pt-0.5 juice:pt-0\"><div class=\"gizmo-bot-avatar flex h-6 w-6 items-center justify-center overflow-hidden rounded-full juice:h-8 juice:w-8\"><div class=\"relative p-1 rounded-sm flex items-center justify-center bg-token-main-surface-primary text-token-text-primary h-8 w-8\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Past Perfect \u2013 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439 <span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0438\u043b\u0438<\/span> \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0439, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c. \u041e\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0432\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430 &#171;had&#187; \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430. \u0412\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c, \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0434\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c.<\/span><\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><h3>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f Past Perfect?<\/h3><h4><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u0412 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h4><p><strong>\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0441 \u0432\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c &#171;had&#187;:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li style=\"list-style-type: none;\"><ul><li>&#171;Subject + had + \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0435\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 (Past Participle).&#187;<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441 Past Perfect:<\/p><ul><li>&#171;She had already finished her work when I arrived.&#187; (\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043b.)<\/li><li>&#171;They had lived in that house for ten years before they moved to the city.&#187; (\u041e\u043d\u0438 \u0436\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0435\u0442, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0435\u0445\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434.)<\/li><li>&#171;He had never seen such a beautiful sunset before that day.&#187; (\u041e\u043d \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043b \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043d\u044f.)<\/li><\/ul><p>\u0412\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0434\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c.<\/p><h4><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #ff6600;\">\u0412 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445<\/span><\/strong><\/h4><div class=\"flex flex-grow flex-col max-w-full\"><div class=\"min-h-[20px] text-message flex flex-col items-start whitespace-pre-wrap break-words [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-5 juice:w-full juice:items-end overflow-x-auto gap-2\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"290a467c-c07c-45d5-af64-ff6930492203\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 juice:empty:hidden juice:first:pt-[3px]\"><div class=\"markdown prose w-full break-words dark:prose-invert dark\"><p><strong>\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0441 \u0432\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c &#171;had&#187; \u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439 &#171;not&#187; (hadn&#8217;t):<\/strong><\/p><ul><li style=\"list-style-type: none;\"><ul><li>&#171;Subject + had not (hadn&#8217;t) + \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0435\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 (Past Participle).&#187;<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441 Past Perfect:<\/p><ul><li>&#171;She hadn&#8217;t finished her work when I arrived.&#187; (\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043b.)<\/li><li>&#171;They hadn&#8217;t seen each other for years before they met again.&#187; (\u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0442, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430.)<\/li><li>&#171;He hadn&#8217;t visited London before he moved there.&#187; (\u041e\u043d \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0449\u0430\u043b \u041b\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d \u0434\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043b \u0442\u0443\u0434\u0430.)<\/li><\/ul><p>\u0412 Past Perfect \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 &#171;hadn&#8217;t&#187; \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043a \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c \u043e\u043d\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u043e \u0431\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043e.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"mt-1 flex gap-3 empty:hidden juice:-ml-3\"><div class=\"items-center justify-start rounded-xl p-1 flex\"><h4 class=\"flex items-center\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #ff6600;\"><strong>\u0412 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430\u0445<\/strong><\/span><\/h4><div class=\"flex flex-grow flex-col max-w-full\"><div class=\"min-h-[20px] text-message flex flex-col items-start whitespace-pre-wrap break-words [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-5 juice:w-full juice:items-end overflow-x-auto gap-2\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"3a7ee01c-2397-4578-8113-42c2b11ebcb9\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 juice:empty:hidden juice:first:pt-[3px]\"><div class=\"markdown prose w-full break-words dark:prose-invert dark\"><p><strong>\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0441 \u0432\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c &#171;had&#187;, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u043c:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li style=\"list-style-type: none;\"><ul><li>&#171;Had + Subject + \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0435\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 (Past Participle) + &#8230;?&#187;<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.grammarly.com\/blog\/past-perfect\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Past Perfect<\/a>:<\/p><ul><li>&#171;Had she finished her work when you arrived?&#187; (\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043b?)<\/li><li>&#171;Had they seen each other before the party?&#187; (\u041e\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0438?)<\/li><li>&#171;Had he ever traveled to Asia before he met you?&#187; (\u041e\u043d \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430-\u043d\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0434\u044c \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0438\u044e \u0434\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u0442\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439?)<\/li><\/ul><p>\u0412\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 Past Perfect \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c, \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9bb14d7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9bb14d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"573\" src=\"https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFECT2-1024x573.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-175714\" alt=\"\u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430 Past Perfect\" srcset=\"https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFECT2-1024x573.webp 1024w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFECT2-300x168.webp 300w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFECT2-768x430.webp 768w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFECT2.webp 1100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-04d5023 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"04d5023\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f?<\/h3><ol><li><p><strong>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: Lunch had been ready when she arrived. (\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0434\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043b\u0430).<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0435\u0440:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: After he had done the report, he took his medicine. (\u0412 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0435\u0442, \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u043b \u043b\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e).<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a7aa233 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a7aa233\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"573\" src=\"https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFECT3-1024x573.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-175715\" alt=\"\u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430 Past Perfect\" srcset=\"https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFECT3-1024x573.webp 1024w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFECT3-300x168.webp 300w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFECT3-768x430.webp 768w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFECT3.webp 1100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f10b74 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1f10b74\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430-\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0435\u0440\u044b<\/h3><div class=\"flex flex-grow flex-col max-w-full\"><div class=\"min-h-[20px] text-message flex flex-col items-start whitespace-pre-wrap break-words [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-5 juice:w-full juice:items-end overflow-x-auto gap-2\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"ff246405-9a1f-43a8-a728-02be49490cc9\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 juice:empty:hidden juice:first:pt-[3px]\"><div class=\"markdown prose w-full break-words dark:prose-invert dark\"><p>\u0412\u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0445:<\/p><ol><li><p><strong>Already<\/strong> &#8212; \u0443\u0436\u0435:<\/p><ul><li>&#171;By the time we arrived, they had already left.&#187; (\u041a \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0443\u0448\u043b\u0438.)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>Before<\/strong> &#8212; \u0434\u043e:<\/p><ul><li>&#171;She had left before I called her.&#187; (\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u044f \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043b \u0435\u0439.)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>By the time<\/strong> &#8212; \u043a \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438:<\/p><ul><li>&#171;By the time he finished, everyone had gone home.&#187; (\u041a \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043d \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b, \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0443\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0439.)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>After<\/strong> &#8212; \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435:<\/p><ul><li>&#171;After they had eaten, they went for a walk.&#187; (\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0435\u043b\u0438, \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0443\u043b\u043a\u0443.)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>When<\/strong> &#8212; \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430:<\/p><ul><li>&#171;When I arrived, he had already started the meeting.&#187; (\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043b, \u043e\u043d \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0443.)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>Until<\/strong> &#8212; \u0434\u043e:<\/p><ul><li>&#171;She hadn&#8217;t seen him until he moved to her city.&#187; (\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0440, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u043d \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043b \u0432 \u0435\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434.)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>By<\/strong> &#8212; \u043a (\u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443):<\/p><ul><li>&#171;By the end of the day, they had completed the project.&#187; (\u041a \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0443 \u0434\u043d\u044f \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442.)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71e3072 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"71e3072\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"573\" src=\"https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFECT4-1024x573.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-175716\" alt=\"\u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430 Past Perfect\" srcset=\"https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFECT4-1024x573.webp 1024w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFECT4-300x168.webp 300w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFECT4-768x430.webp 768w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFECT4.webp 1100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ebd92a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7ebd92a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Future Perfect (\u0411\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f)<\/h2><div class=\"flex-shrink-0 flex flex-col relative items-end\"><div class=\"pt-0.5 juice:pt-0\"><div class=\"gizmo-bot-avatar flex h-6 w-6 items-center justify-center overflow-hidden rounded-full juice:h-8 juice:w-8\"><div class=\"relative p-1 rounded-sm flex items-center justify-center bg-token-main-surface-primary text-token-text-primary h-8 w-8\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Future Perfect \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043a \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c. \u041e\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0432\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430 &#171;will have&#187; \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430. Future Perfect \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0439. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0430\u043a\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043a \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c.<\/span><\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><h3>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f Future Perfect?<\/h3><h4><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0412 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h4><div><div class=\"flex flex-grow flex-col max-w-full\"><div class=\"min-h-[20px] text-message flex flex-col items-start whitespace-pre-wrap break-words [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-5 juice:w-full juice:items-end overflow-x-auto gap-2\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"18554603-e1ab-49e8-8f2c-f80df5cdb4e3\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 juice:empty:hidden juice:first:pt-[3px]\"><div class=\"markdown prose w-full break-words dark:prose-invert dark\"><p><strong>\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 &#171;will have&#187; \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 (Past Participle):<\/strong><\/p><ul><li style=\"list-style-type: none;\"><ul><li>&#171;Subject + will have + \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0435\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 (Past Participle).&#187;<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441 Future Perfect:<\/p><ul><li>&#171;I will have finished my work by 6 PM.&#187; (\u042f \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0443 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u043a 6 \u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0430.)<\/li><li>&#171;She will have completed the project by the end of the month.&#187; (\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u043a \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0430.)<\/li><li>&#171;They will have left the city by next week.&#187; (\u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434 \u043a \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435.)<\/li><li>&#171;We will have been married for ten years next month.&#187; (\u0412 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u044b \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044b.)<\/li><\/ul><p>\u0412\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043a \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c.<\/p><h4><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0412 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h4><div class=\"flex flex-grow flex-col max-w-full\"><div class=\"min-h-[20px] text-message flex flex-col items-start whitespace-pre-wrap break-words [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-5 juice:w-full juice:items-end overflow-x-auto gap-2\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"3bf87f0e-809a-41a1-baec-632d626e9445\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 juice:empty:hidden juice:first:pt-[3px]\"><div class=\"markdown prose w-full break-words dark:prose-invert dark\"><p><strong>\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 &#171;will not have&#187; (\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e &#171;won&#8217;t have&#187;) \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 (Past Participle):<\/strong><\/p><ul><li style=\"list-style-type: none;\"><ul><li>&#171;Subject + will not have (won&#8217;t have) + \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0435\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 (Past Participle).&#187;<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441 Future Perfect:<\/p><ul><li>&#171;I will not have finished my work by 6 PM.&#187; (\u042f \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0443 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u043a 6 \u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0430.)<\/li><li>&#171;She will not have completed the project by the end of the month.&#187; (\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u043a \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0430.)<\/li><li>&#171;They will not have left the city by next week.&#187; (\u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434 \u043a \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435.)<\/li><li>&#171;We will not have been married for ten years next month.&#187; (\u0412 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u043b\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u044b \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044b.)<\/li><\/ul><p>\u041e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 Future Perfect \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043a \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c.<\/p><h4><span style=\"color: #ff6600; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>\u0412 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430\u0445<\/strong><\/span><\/h4><div class=\"flex flex-grow flex-col max-w-full\"><div class=\"min-h-[20px] text-message flex flex-col items-start whitespace-pre-wrap break-words [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-5 juice:w-full juice:items-end overflow-x-auto gap-2\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"0f4a3d7f-64d9-4971-b787-5b2fd4337404\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 juice:empty:hidden juice:first:pt-[3px]\"><div class=\"markdown prose w-full break-words dark:prose-invert dark\"><p><strong>\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 &#171;will&#187; \u0438 &#171;have&#187;, \u0433\u0434\u0435 &#171;will&#187; \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u043c:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li style=\"list-style-type: none;\"><ul><li>&#171;Will + subject + have + \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b \u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0435\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 (Past Participle)?&#187;<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441 Future Perfect:<\/p><ul><li>&#171;Will you have finished your work by 6 PM?&#187; (\u0422\u044b \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u0448\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u043a 6 \u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0430?)<\/li><li>&#171;Will she have completed the project by the end of the month?&#187; (\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u043a \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0430?)<\/li><li>&#171;Will they have left the city by next week?&#187; (\u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434 \u043a \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435?)<\/li><li>&#171;Will we have been married for ten years next month?&#187; (\u0412 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u044b \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044b?)<\/li><\/ul><p>\u0412\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 Future Perfect \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043a \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e6e19d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0e6e19d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"573\" src=\"https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFECT5-1024x573.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-175630\" alt=\"\u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430 Future Perfect\" srcset=\"https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFECT5-1024x573.webp 1024w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFECT5-300x168.webp 300w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFECT5-768x430.webp 768w, https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/PERFECT5.webp 1100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1742f99 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1742f99\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f Future Perfect?<\/h3><ul><li><p><strong>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043a \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: &#171;By 10 PM, I will have finished my homework.&#187; (\u041a 10 \u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u044f \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0443 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u044e\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443.)<\/li><li>\u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 (\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b) \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043a \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: &#171;She will have left by the time you arrive.&#187; (\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043a \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0448\u044c.)<\/li><li>\u042d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 (\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0434) \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0433\u043e (\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434).<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043a \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: &#171;By next month, we will have been married for ten years.&#187; (\u041a \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0443 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u044b \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044b.)<\/li><li>\u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0430) \u043a \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043e \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: &#171;By the end of the year, they will have completed the project.&#187; (\u041a \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0443 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442.)<\/li><li>\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044b \u043a \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: &#171;I will have saved enough money to buy a car by next summer.&#187; (\u041a \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043b\u0435\u0442\u0443 \u044f \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043b\u044e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0433, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0443.)<\/li><li>\u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c (\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0433) \u0438 \u0441\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0435\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5573a27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5573a27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><strong>\u0412\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c Perfect tenses<\/strong><\/h3><div class=\"flex flex-grow flex-col max-w-full\"><div class=\"min-h-[20px] text-message flex flex-col items-start whitespace-pre-wrap break-words [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-5 juice:w-full juice:items-end overflow-x-auto gap-2\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"79907854-4bad-4399-bb26-ad8d36db6428\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 juice:empty:hidden juice:first:pt-[3px]\"><div class=\"markdown prose w-full break-words dark:prose-invert dark\"><p>\u041f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d \u0432 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0445 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u044b\u043c, \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u043c. \u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0445, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d. \u0412\u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432:<\/p><ol><li><p><strong>What have you done?<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>\u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0432 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0435. \u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Present Perfect Tense, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: &#171;I&#8217;ve broken a wine glass.&#187; (\u042f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u043b \u0431\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0438\u043d\u0430.)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>What have you done (+time marker)?<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>\u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: &#171;I have delivered some pizza since 10 AM.&#187; (\u042f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0437\u0438\u043b \u043f\u0438\u0446\u0446\u0443 \u0441 10 \u0443\u0442\u0440\u0430.)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>What has happened (in the story)?<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>\u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438. \u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 Present Perfect Tense, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: &#171;The dog has bitten the hand of the enemy.&#187; (\u0421\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u0443\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0430.)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>How do you know \u2026?<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>\u0412\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f\u0445. \u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c Present Perfect Tense, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: &#171;I&#8217;ve heard a loud scream from a distance.&#187; (\u042f \u0441\u043b\u044b\u0448\u0430\u043b \u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043a \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0430.)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>Why do you think (you are qualified)?<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>\u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c Present Perfect Continuous Tense, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: &#171;I have been a great contributor in sales.&#187; (\u042f \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0432\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0445.)<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ol><p>\u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b, \u0432\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><h2><strong>\u0412\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438!<\/strong><\/h2><p>\u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u044c \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445.<\/p><ol><li>The manager shall have announced the salary increase by 3:00 PM today.<\/li><li>Bakers had already checked in at the airport when he realized he forgot his documents.<\/li><li>I had reported the incident before the police arrived.<\/li><li>After he had cooked dinner, my dad went to the poolside.<\/li><li>Has Miss Brown finished doing her homework?<\/li><li>I will have taken IELTS by this time in October.<\/li><li>The president will have finished his term in 2025.<\/li><li>The ship had arrived when the security searched our belongings.<\/li><li>Her father has been ill for three years.<\/li><li>I have been in this company since 2016.<\/li><\/ol><p>\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0432\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 <a href=\"https:\/\/qqeng.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Practice-Time-perfect-tenses-in-English.pdf\">\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f53e18 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3f53e18\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Perfect tenses: \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u0421\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 Perfect Tenses? \u0412\u00a0\u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435\u00a0\u043e\u0442\u00a0\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d, \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435\u00a0\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u00a0\u0432\u00a0\u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u00a0\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u00a0\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f,\u00a0\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435\u00a0\u0443\u0436\u0435\u00a0\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c\u00a0\u043a\u00a0\u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443\u00a0\u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e \u043d\u0438\u0445. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c\u00a0\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u00a0\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438\u00a0\u0432\u00a0\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043c\u00a0\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u00a0\u0438\u00a0\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438\u00a0\u0432\u00a0\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c. \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435\u00a0\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u00a0\u0432\u00a0\u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u00a0\u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u2013\u00a0\u044d\u0442\u043e Present Perfect, Past Perfect\u00a0\u0438 Future perfect. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f\u00a0\u043f\u043e\u00a0\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439\u00a0\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435: &#171;has\/have\/had\/will\u00a0have\u00a0+\u00a0\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435\u00a0\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e\u00a0\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438&#187;.\u00a0 \u041c\u044b\u00a0\u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043a \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443,\u00a0\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0443\u00a0\u0438\u043b\u0438\u00a0\u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443\u00a0\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443\u00a0\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u00a0\u0432\u00a0\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u00a0\u043e\u0442\u00a0\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u00a0\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u00a0\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f. \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435\u00a0\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u00a0\u0432\u00a0\u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u00a0\u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430\u00a0\u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f\u00a0\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435\u043c\u00a0\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e\u00a0\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u00a0\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430.\u00a0\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435\u00a0\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e\u00a0\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u2013 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 &#171;-d, -ed&#187;\u00a0\u0434\u043b\u044f\u00a0\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445\u00a0\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u00a0\u0438\u00a0&#171;-en&#187;\u00a0\u0434\u043b\u044f\u00a0\u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445\u00a0\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u041e\u043d\u0438\u00a0\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0441 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":60,"featured_media":175631,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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